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    locking/qspinlock: Introduce a simple generic 4-byte queued spinlock · a33fda35
    Waiman Long authored
    
    
    This patch introduces a new generic queued spinlock implementation that
    can serve as an alternative to the default ticket spinlock. Compared
    with the ticket spinlock, this queued spinlock should be almost as fair
    as the ticket spinlock. It has about the same speed in single-thread
    and it can be much faster in high contention situations especially when
    the spinlock is embedded within the data structure to be protected.
    
    Only in light to moderate contention where the average queue depth
    is around 1-3 will this queued spinlock be potentially a bit slower
    due to the higher slowpath overhead.
    
    This queued spinlock is especially suit to NUMA machines with a large
    number of cores as the chance of spinlock contention is much higher
    in those machines. The cost of contention is also higher because of
    slower inter-node memory traffic.
    
    Due to the fact that spinlocks are acquired with preemption disabled,
    the process will not be migrated to another CPU while it is trying
    to get a spinlock. Ignoring interrupt handling, a CPU can only be
    contending in one spinlock at any one time. Counting soft IRQ, hard
    IRQ and NMI, a CPU can only have a maximum of 4 concurrent lock waiting
    activities.  By allocating a set of per-cpu queue nodes and used them
    to form a waiting queue, we can encode the queue node address into a
    much smaller 24-bit size (including CPU number and queue node index)
    leaving one byte for the lock.
    
    Please note that the queue node is only needed when waiting for the
    lock. Once the lock is acquired, the queue node can be released to
    be used later.
    
    Signed-off-by: default avatarWaiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
    Signed-off-by: default avatarPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
    Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
    Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
    Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
    Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com>
    Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
    Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com>
    Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
    Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
    Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
    Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
    Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com>
    Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
    Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
    Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
    Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
    Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
    Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
    Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
    Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org
    Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-2-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com
    
    
    Signed-off-by: default avatarIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
    a33fda35